Projects:KnowledgeBasedBayesianSegmentation

Knowledge Based Bayesian Segmentation

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Objective

This ITK filter is a segmentation algorithm which utilizes Bayes's Rule along with an affine-invarient anisotropic smoothing filter.

Progress

Use Case

I'd like to segment a volume or sub-volume into 'N' classes in a very general manner. I will provide the data and the number of classes that I expect and the algorithm will output a labelmap with 'N' classes.

Data

We have applied this algorithm to 20 normal brain MRI data-sets. We used publicly available data-sets from the Internet Brain Segmentation Repository (IBSR) offered by the Massachusetts General Hospital, Center for Morphometric Analysis. The IBSR data-sets are T1-weighted, 3D coronal brain scans after having been positionally normalized. Manual expert segmentations for these data-sets are publicly available and represent the ground truth used in this work.

Algorithm

This algorithm can be cast in either a static or dynamic framework. In the static framework, the following is the algorithm:

1. The user sets the number of distinct classes for segmentation: 'N'
2. Generate 'N' prior images (default, 'N' uniform prior images)
   
3. Generate 'N' statistical distributions (default, 'N' normal distributions)
   
4. Generate 'N' membership images by applying the statistical distributions to the raw data
   
5. Generate 'N' posterior images by applying Bayes' rule to the prior and membership images
   
6. Smooth the posterior images for 'm' iterations using an affine-invarient anisotropic smoothing filter and renormalize after each iteration (default, m = 5)
   
7. Apply maximum a posteriori rule to apply labeling and finalize segmentation

In the dynamic framework, the following image depicts the adaptation of the static framework to the dynamic formulation:

The ITK filter design

Some Results

• WM Algorithm Comparisons
• GM Algorithm Comparisons
• Visual Results on ISBR data

Project Status

• Fully incorporated into itkBayesianClassificationImageFilter and itkBayesianClassificationInitializationImageFilter in ITK CVS.
  
• Fully wrapped in VTK for use in Slicer.
  
• The working ITK code has been committed to the SandBox

References:

• J. Melonakos, Y. Gao, and A. Tannenbaum. Tissue Tracking: Applications for Brain MRI Classification. SPIE Medical Imaging, 2007.
• J. Melonakos, K. Krishnan, and A. Tannenbaum. An ITK Filter for Bayesian Segmentation: itkBayesianClassifierImageFilter. Insight Journal, 2006.
• J. Melonakos, R. Al-Hakim, J. Fallon, and A. Tannenbaum. Knowledge-Based Segmentation of Brain MRI Scans Using the Insight Toolkit. Insight Journal, 2005.

Key Investigators

• John Melonakos @ Georgia Tech
• Yi Gao @ Georgia Tech
• Allen Tannenbaum @ Georgia Tech
• Luis Ibanez @ Kitware
• Karthik Krishnan @ Kitware

Links

• Georgia Tech Algorithms
• NA-MIC Collaborations