Projects:RegistrationLibrary:RegLib C04

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v3.6.1 Slicer3-6Announcement-v1.png Slicer Registration Library Case 04:
Intra-subject Brain MR of Multiple Sclerosis: Multi-contrast series for lesion change assessment

Input

this is the main fixed reference image. All images are ev. aligned into this space this is the main fixed reference image. All images are ev. aligned into this space lleft this is the intra-subject moving image.
exam 1: PD exam 1: T2 exam 1: T1-Gd
lleft
this is the inter-subject moving image, but also the reference for exam 2 this is the inter-subject moving image, but also the reference for exam 2 lleft this is the moving image.
exam 2: PD exam 2: T2 exam 2: T1-Gd

Modules

Objective / Background

This scenario occurs in many forms whenever we wish to assess change in a series of multi-contrast MRI. The follow-up scan(s) are to be aligned with the baseline, but also the different series within each exam need to be co-registered, since the subject may have moved between acquisitions. Hence we have a set of nested registrations. This particular exam features a dual echo scan (PD/T2), where the two structural scans are aligned by default. The post-contrast T1-GdDTPA scan however is not necessarily aligned with the dual echo. Also the post-contrast scan is taken with a clipped field of view (FOV) and a lower axial resolution, with 4mm slices and a 1mm gap (which we treat here as a de facto 5mm slice).

Keywords

MRI, brain, head, intra-subject, multiple sclerosis, MS, multi-contrast, change assessment, dual echo, nested registration

Input Data

  • reference/fixed : PD.1 baseline exam , 0.9375 x 0.9375 x 3 mm voxel size, axial acquisition, RAS orientation.
  • fixed T2.1 baseline exam , 0.9375 x 0.9375 x 3 mm voxel size, axial acquisition, RAS orientation. -> (aligned with PD.1, not used for registering)
  • moving: T1.1 (GdDTPA contrast-enhanced scan) baseline exam 0.9375 x 0.9375 x 5 mm voxel size, axial acquisition.
  • moving: PD.2 follow-up exam 0.9375 x 0.9375 x 3 mm voxel size, axial acquisition.
  • moving: T2.2 follow-up exam 0.9375 x 0.9375 x 3 mm voxel size, axial acquisition. -> same orientation as PD2, will have same transform applied
  • moving:T1.2-GdDTPA follow-up exam0.9375 x 0.9375 x 5 mm voxel size, axial acquisition. -> undergoes 2 transforms: first to PD.2, then to PD.1

Registration Challenges

  • we have multiple nested transforms: each exam is co-registered within itself, and then the exams are aligned to eachother
  • potential pathology change can affect the registration
  • anisotropic voxel size causes difficulty in rotational alignment
  • clipped FOV and low tissue contrast of the post-contrast scan

Key Strategies

  • we first register the post-contrast scans within each exam to the PD
  • second we register the follow-up PD scan to the baseline PD
  • we also move the T2 exam within the same Xform
  • we then nest the first alignment within the second
  • because of the contrast differences and anisotropic resolution we use Mutual Information as cost function for better robustness

Registration Results

Unregistered baseline data: PD vs. T1Gd Unregistered baseline data: PD vs. T1Gd
Unregistered followup data: PD exam 2 vs. exam 1 Unregistered followup data: PD exam 2 vs. exam 1
Registered baseline data Registered baseline data
Registered followup data Registered followup data
Lesion change visualization in 3DLesion change visualization in 3D
Lesion change via subtraction imaging of co-registered PDLesion change via subtraction imaging of co-registered PD

Download

this case is still under active development. Comments and priority requests welcome to the slicer-users mailing list

Link to User Guide: How to Load/Save Registration Parameter Presets